Where the numbers come from.

Sources and retrieval

• ENERGY STAR televisions, dataset pd96-rr3d. Retrieved 2026-10-28. curl GET of public Socrata SODA API (HTTP 200), unmodified JSON array saved as televisions.json.raw; metadata in televisions.meta.json. robots.txt checked 2026-10-28 (Crawl-delay 1, /resource/ not disallowed).
• ENERGY STAR computers, dataset rxdj-2c88. Retrieved 2026-10-28. curl GET of public Socrata SODA API (HTTP 200), unmodified JSON array saved as computers.json.raw; metadata in computers.meta.json. robots.txt checked 2026-10-28 (Crawl-delay 1, /resource/ not disallowed).
• ENERGY STAR displays, dataset qbg3-d468. Retrieved 2026-10-28. curl GET of public Socrata SODA API (HTTP 200), unmodified JSON array saved as displays.json.raw; metadata in displays.meta.json. robots.txt checked 2026-10-28 (Crawl-delay 1, /resource/ not disallowed).

EIA retrieved 2026-10-28; supplied Table 5.3 text snapshot.

Table 5.3. Average Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers: Total by End-Use Sector, 2016 - August 2026 (Cents per Kilowatthour)

EIA Table 5.3 — 2025 residential annual average: 17.23 cents per kWh ($0.1723/kWh).

Cached row, verbatim: 2025 17.23 13.37 8.51 13.87 13.56

Fields and formulas

IDs use category-pd_id. Brand, model, model number and availability date preserve brand_name, model_name, model_number and date_available_on_market. Year is the first four digits of the availability date. Size uses diagonal_viewable_screen_size_inches for televisions and screen_size_inches otherwise; type uses product_type, type or display_type respectively. Missing optional values remain null.

Televisions: reported_annual_energy_consumption_kwh (reported). Computers: tec_of_model_kwh (reported-tec), ENERGY STAR Typical Energy Consumption (TEC), kWh/yr. Reported values retain source precision; tables show one decimal. Costs use the source precision.

annualKwh = (onW × H + sleepW × (24 − H)) × 365 / 1000, rounded to one decimal. H defaults to 8 hours/day: OUR ASSUMPTION (not an ENERGY STAR figure). On for H hours per day; sleep for all remaining hours; 365 days per year. This assumes sleep rather than off for the remaining hours.

Displays preserve on_mode_power_watts and sleep_mode_power_watts. Every derived row shows its inputs and formula. Annual cost = annual kWh × dollars per kWh, rounded to cents. The rate input uses dollars, not cents.

Reported television consumption, computer TEC and our display estimates use different methods. They are not identical usage scenarios. Your actual consumption and bill may differ.

Validation and exclusions

Displays are limited to consumer monitors: records whose display_type is not Monitor (commercial signage displays) are excluded. Records missing a required nonnegative numeric energy field are skipped. Every build recomputes all records by pd_id from local snapshots and checks every normalized field, provenance, statistics and verbatim EIA quotes before replacing output. No network requests occur. No minimum model-year count is assumed.

Products first available in 2026

842 of 3,596 included products were first available in 2026 (date_available_on_market year). This is availability-year coverage, not certification year or a claim of complete market coverage. No minimum coverage threshold is imposed.

• televisions: 45 first available in 2026; 175 included; 0 skipped; 0 excluded as non-consumer types (signage) of 175 raw records.
• computers: 585 first available in 2026; 1819 included; 0 skipped; 0 excluded as non-consumer types (signage) of 1819 raw records.
• displays: 212 first available in 2026; 1602 included; 5 skipped; 1327 excluded as non-consumer types (signage) of 2934 raw records.

Licensing

EPA and EIA are US government data sources. Factual measurements are reused with attribution. Trademarks remain with their owners; no endorsement is implied. Research caches are retained locally and are not published. Updates require manually reviewed replacement evidence and regeneration.